Construction: knitted. Rib knits have all the loops on some wales ribs on the front, and all the loops on the remaining wales on the back. How it feels: the ribs create a texture. Many feel soft, but some heavyweight ones are rougher. Uses: the cuffs and waistbands of sweatshirts, hoodies, and sweatpants. All-over rib fabrics are often used for tight-fitting dresses, tops, and baby clothes. What is madras? The pattern is made using semi-permanent vegetable dyes that bleed to create soft and muted colors.
A fabric can only be called madras if it comes from the Madras region in India source. What is moleskin? The best moleskin uses fine threads from long-staple cotton.
How it feels: one side is a bit smoother with a subtle texture from the twill weave. What is mousseline? What is muslin? In the UK, the thicker version of this fabric is called calico.
Uses: making toiles test garments , lining, interlining, and straining cheese and sauces. The fabric is loosely woven so you can see small gaps between the yarns. The yarns themselves are very fine and tightly twisted, giving the fabric a crisp and structured character. What is oxford cotton? Note: conspicuous means clearly visible. What is pique? The tiny gaps in the pattern make it a breathable fabric. What is plaid? Clain , a Scottish fabric retailer, explains:.
I have a whole post on plaid and tartan sewing ideas. What is plisse? Different designs can be made using this technique like crinkles, pleats, and dots. What is pointelle? The pattern is normally geometric. Pointelle jersey is normally lightweight, but I have seen thicker sweaters with larger pointelle designs too. It has very subtle horizontal ribs because the warp yarns are closer together and finer than the weft yarns.
Uses: lightweight poplins are often used to make buttoned shirts and structured dresses. Medium weight poplins suit trousers. What is quilting cotton? It comes in lots of fun prints and colors. The fabric is not woven as tightly as other kinds of cotton, like poplin. If you want to make clothes from it, make a structured style because the fabric will stand away from your body, not drape.
What is cotton sateen? Sometimes the yarns are immersed in a solution to increase the sheen this process is called mercerization. Construction: sateen weave, giving it a subtle shine in the light. What is seersucker? This cotton fabric does not need ironing. What is ticking?
Traditionally it was woven with narrow even stripes in navy, black, or cream and made for mattresses and pillows. Today you can get it in more stripe patterns and colors source. Construction: ticking can be made using plain, twill, or herringbone weaves. My samples in the pictures were made with a herringbone weave it has a v-shape pattern. The fabric is tightly woven. How it feels: smooth with a tiny bit of texture from the herringbone weave in my sample.
Uses: upholstery projects like curtains, blinds, decorative cushions, and covering chairs. I have seen some structured clothing made from ticking too.
What is towelling? Uses: towels, bathrobes, burp cloths, and bibs normally toweling is just used on the back of burp cloths and bibs. What is twill? All twill fabrics have diagonal lines called ribs or wales on the front. Twill weaves are normally harder-wearing than plain weaves made using the same yarn and thread count, so they suit high-use utility and casualwear.
They also tend to recover from wrinkles better. Herringbone, houndstooth, and Scottish tartan designs are made using a twill-weave construction too. How it feels: Heavyweight fabrics with a more obvious twill weave feel more textured as your hand moves over the bigger, thicker ribs. Uses: lightweight versions are used for shirts, and heavyweight versions are used for trousers, traditional trench coats, etc. What is velvet? Note: velvets today are normally made using a combination of fibres, like cotton, silk, viscose, polyester, etc.
The warp yarns are woven oven rods. The rods are removed and the loops that are left behind are cut to create the pile. Velveteen is made in a similar way, except this process is done to the weft yarns. How it feels: you can get velvets with a smooth texture, and some with a stiff feel. This cotton yarn may then be subjected to a variety of chemical treatments, and it may be dyed.
Next, it is woven into a particular type of textile material such as a bedsheet, T-shirt, or pair of blue jeans. In sheer numbers, cotton is the most widely used textile fiber in the world, and manufacturers can spin this fabric into a myriad of different types of products. For instance, most T-shirts contain at least some amount of cotton, and true blue jeans are percent cotton.
This fabric is used to make bathrobes, bathmats, and towels, and it is also used to make bedsheets, blankets, and duvets. Manufacturers may even use cotton to make curtains, wall-hangings, and other types of home decorations. Since cotton is highly breathable and absorbent, it is commonly used to make warm-weather clothing.
Its softness makes it a good option for formal and business wear, and its notable draping abilities make it an ideal fabric for dresses. Manufacturers use cotton to make medical supplies, and this fabric is also used to make industrial thread and tarps.
In summation, cotton can be used to make practically any type of textile for consumer or industrial use. India and China are frequently tied as the largest cotton producers in the world. According to Statista , India overtook its East Asian competitor between and by producing 6,, metric tons of cotton. For comparison, China produced 5,, metric tons of cotton fiber during this same period. At 4,, metric tons, the USA is the next-largest producer of cotton.
However, these prices are subject to constant change. Cotton costs significantly more once a producer has formed it into yarn, and its price increases again once this fiber is made into a final product.
Comparatively speaking, cotton is one of the least expensive textile fibers in the world, which has contributed to its popularity. However, the cheapest cotton is cotton that has not been produced sustainably, and better forms of cotton cost much more. For instance, forms of extra-long-staple cotton are significantly more expensive than traditional short-staple cotton. Examples of extra-long-staple cotton include Egyptian cotton and Pima cotton.
These types of cotton cost more for manufacturers to produce, and they also cost more at the consumer level. There are four distinct species of cotton that are used to make cotton fabric. In addition, there are several sub-varieties of cotton fabric that are made from these plant species:.
This type of cotton is the most widely-produced form of this textile crop. Over the years, traders have exported this type of cotton to practically every location throughout the world, and it grows well in practically any climate.
Gossypium hirsutum is a short-staple SS cotton fiber, which means that it is not as high-quality as other forms of this textile fiber. Gossypium barbadense is an extra-long-staple ELS cotton variety, which means that it consists of longer cotton fibers that produce softer and more luxurious textiles.
This ELS cotton variation is native to South America, and it has been exported to a variety of locations throughout the world.
For instance, Pima cotton is a form of Gossypium barbadense, and producers cultivate this type of cotton in China, India, and other foreign nations. While most types of cotton grow on small bushes, Gossypium arboretum grows on larger bushes that could almost be considered to be trees.
This type of cotton accounts for less than 2 percent of global production. Also known as Levant cotton, this type of fiber is native to Africa and Arabia, and it contributes less than 2 percent to global cotton cultivation.
Short-staple SS cotton is any type of cotton that consists of fibers that are up to 1. Long-staple LS cotton is any type of cotton that consists of fibers that are between 1.
This type of cotton is somewhat more luxurious than SS cotton. Extra-long staple ELS cotton is any type of cotton that consists of fibers that are longer than 1.
ELS cotton is the most luxurious and soft type of cotton in existence. We are proud to offer an extensive selection of commercial and industrial parts and components. In addition, we offer in-house design services so that you can receive customized components that meet your exact needs and specifications. To find out more about how our family owned business can help you, give us a call today. Categorised in: Cotton Mill Components.
Your email address will not be published. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. November 8, pm Published by Writer Leave your thoughts When you walk into a retail store, you can find thousands of different products made from materials that are sourced around the world. Everything from blue jeans to dress shirts can be made from cotton fibers.
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